RANCANG BANGUN TOPI PINTAR UNTUK ALAT BANTU PENYANDANG TUNANETRA BERBASIS ARDUINO

Mutaqin, Rifqi Zaenal (2026) RANCANG BANGUN TOPI PINTAR UNTUK ALAT BANTU PENYANDANG TUNANETRA BERBASIS ARDUINO. Sarjana (S1) thesis, Universitas Islam 45.

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Abstract

The development of technology has encouraged the use of electronic devices as mobility aids for people with visual impairments to improve independence and safety in daily activities. This study develops and tests a smart hat based on ultrasonic sensors as an assistive device for detecting obstacles around the user’s head. The objectives of this research are to determine the working distance of the JSN-SR04T ultrasonic sensor, to analyze the sensor’s capability in detecting various types of obstacles, and to evaluate the suitability of the audio output generated by the system according to the direction of the detected obstacles. The smart hat system was designed using three JSN-SR04T ultrasonic sensors positioned on the left, front, and right sides, with an Arduino Uno as the main controller and an MP3 module as the audio output medium delivered through earphones. The research method includes system design, device assembly, testing of the sensor working distance, testing on various obstacle surface characteristics, and evaluation of the audio output suitability. The experiments were conducted under semi-controlled environmental conditions to obtain sensor error and accuracy data. The results show that the JSN-SR04T ultrasonic sensor is capable of detecting obstacles up to a distance of 200 cm with an accuracy of more than 98%. The surface characteristics of obstacles affect sensor readings, where hard and flat surfaces produce lower error values compared to soft or sound-absorbing surfaces. The smart hat system is also able to generate audio output that corresponds to the direction of the detected obstacles, thereby helping to increase user awareness of the surrounding environment.

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