Analisis Struktur Komposit Matriks UPR-Serat Pelepah Pisang Terhadap Nilai Tarik dan Simulasi Kegagalan Sebagai Bumper Mobil

Ridho, Nasrul Arif (2025) Analisis Struktur Komposit Matriks UPR-Serat Pelepah Pisang Terhadap Nilai Tarik dan Simulasi Kegagalan Sebagai Bumper Mobil. Sarjana (S1) thesis, Universitas Islam 45.

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Abstract

This study aims to analyze the influence of fiber pattern and orientation on the mechanical characteristics of car bumpers made from banana sheath fiber-reinforced polyester composites, using numerical simulation through LS-DYNA software. Three fiber patterns were tested—continuous, woven, and laminate—with fiber orientation variations of 0°, 45°, 90°, and 120°. The main parameters evaluated were Von Mises stress, displacement, and safety factor under impact velocities of 60, 80, and 100 km/h. The simulation results indicated that the laminate pattern with a 45°/90° orientation produced the highest Von Mises stress (382.996 MPa), while the woven configuration also demonstrated good stress performance with cross-orientation. The highest displacement was recorded in the laminate 0°/45° configuration at 47.8671 mm, indicating high energy absorption capability. Meanwhile, woven fibers showed more stable deformation behavior compared to continuous fibers. However, the safety factor analysis revealed that all configurations were below the safe limit (>1), with the highest value reaching only 0.4 in the continuous 90° orientation at low speed. A significant decrease in safety factor was observed as impact velocity increased, especially in the laminate materials. Overall, cross-oriented fiber configurations tend to enhance stress distribution and deformation behavior, yet are not sufficient to guarantee full structural integrity. Thus, although banana sheath fiber composites show potential for automotive bumper applications, further structural reinforcement is necessary to meet safety requirements under high-velocity impacts.

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